Emerging technologies are transforming e-waste processing through AI-powered robotic sorting systems and bioleaching techniques that safely extract precious metals. These innovations complement critical policy measures, such as extended producer responsibility and modular product design. While scaling these solutions remains challenging, they offer a blueprint for reducing the 53 million metric tons of global e-waste generated annually.

Technology is reshaping waste management by making it smarter, more efficient, and environmentally friendly. This study examines innovations such as smart waste collection systems, advanced recycling methods, waste-to-energy solutions, and the use of data analytics and IoT devices. Together, these advancements are transforming how waste is tracked, processed, and repurposed, contributing to more sustainable urban and industrial environments.